Biomass Energy in India: Kya Hai, Kaise Banta Hai Aur Business Opportunities
आज दुनिया तेजी से renewable energy की तरफ बढ़ रही है। Solar aur Wind ke saath-साथ एक और energy source है जो equally powerful aur important hai – Biomass Energy। Biomass ko aaj ke time me ek “waste-to-wealth” solution maana ja raha hai, jo environment ko safe rakhta hai aur साथ ही businesses ke liye profit ka source ban raha hai।
Biomass Kya Hai?
Biomass ka matlab hai organic waste material se energy banana
Ye organic waste hota hai –
🌾 Crop residues (धान/गेहूं की पराली, गन्ने का bagasse)
🌿 Forestry waste (लकड़ी, पत्ते, bamboo waste)
🥬 Agro-industrial waste (rice husk, groundnut shells, fruit/vegetable waste)
💩 Animal dung aur municipal solid waste
👉 Simple shabdon me: “Biomass ek renewable fuel hai jo waste ko energy me convert karta hai – jaise pellets, briquettes, biogas ya electricity.”
Biomass Kitne Prakar Ka Hota Hai?
Biomass ko 4 main categories me divide kiya jata hai:
Agricultural Residues – Parali, sugarcane bagasse, maize cobs (pellets & briquettes ke liye best).
Forestry Biomass – Wood logs, saw dust, tree branches (industrial heating & boilers me use hota hai).
Agro-Industrial & Food Waste – Rice husk, groundnut shells, fruit/vegetable waste (biogas aur pellet plants ke liye).
Animal & Municipal Waste – Cow dung, poultry litter, MSW (CBG aur biogas plants me use hota hai).
Biomass Kaise Banta Hai? (Process)
Raw Material Collection – Farmers aur industries se crop residues, bagasse, dung, sawdust collect hota hai.
Processing –
Pellets/Briquettes → raw material dry karke compress kiya jata hai.
Biogas/CBG → cow dung & organic waste anaerobic digester me daala jata hai.
Power Plants → biomass ko directly burn karke electricity generate hoti hai.
Energy Conversion –
Solid Fuel → Biomass Pellets/Briquettes
Gas Fuel → Biogas / CBG
Electricity → Biomass Power Plants
India Me Biomass Market
India me approx. 10 GW biomass-based power projects installed hain.
Government ka focus hai CBG (Compressed Bio Gas) aur pellet/briquette supply chain ko promote karna.
Oil Marketing Companies (IOCL, BPCL, HPCL) ne already CBG ke long-term purchase agreements sign kiye hain.
Biomass fuel ka demand industries (cement, textile, brick kilns, paper mills) aur export market (Europe, Asia) me rapidly grow kar raha hai.
👉 Current biomass fuel market India me ₹35,000+ crore ka hai aur agle 5–10 saal me double hone ki उम्मीद hai।
Biomass Ka Business Kaise Shuru Kare?
Step 1: Business Model Decide Kare
Biomass Pellets/Briquettes Manufacturing
Biogas/CBG Plant
Biomass Power Plant
Raw Material Collection & Supply
Step 2: Raw Material Source Secure Kare
Farmers, dairies aur agro-industries ke saath tie-up karein.
Step 3: Plant & Machinery Setup
Pellet machine, briquetting press, dryer, digester tank, boiler etc.
Small unit ke liye ₹15–20 lakh se start ho sakta hai.
Large CBG/power plant ke liye ₹10–25 crore ka investment lagta hai.
Step 4: Licenses & Approvals
Pollution clearance, Udyam registration, GST, aur agar CBG hai to OMC agreement.
Step 5: Buyers & Market
Industries (cement, textile, paper, brick kilns)
Oil companies (CBG buyers)
Export (pellets Europe/Asia).
LagaT Kitni Aayegi?
Small briquetting unit – ₹15–30 lakh
Medium pellet plant (2–5 TPH) – ₹1–2 crore
CBG Plant (5 TPD) – ₹15–25 crore
Biomass Power Plant – ₹5–10 crore per MW
👉 Cost depend karti hai project ki scale aur location par.
Aaj Ke Time Biomass Ki Mahatvata
Pollution Control – Crop residue jalane ki problem ko biomass plants solve karte hain.
Farmer Income – Farmers apna agri-waste bech kar extra income earn karte hain.
Import Reduction – Biomass fuels se India ka coal/diesel import bill kam hota hai.
Job Creation – Rural areas me employment opportunities badhti hain.
Net Zero 2070 – India ke climate goals achieve karne ke liye biomass ek crucial role play karta hai.
Biomass ek ऐसा sector hai jo environment ko clean rakhta hai aur business ko grow karta hai।
Aaj ke समय me iske projects me government ka support, buyers ka strong demand aur raw material ki availability dono hi hai।
👉 Agar aap business shuru karna chahte hain to biomass pellets, briquettes aur CBG plants future ke liye best options hain।
Biomass ko hum truly “Green Gold” keh sakte hain – jo waste ko wealth me convert karta hai।
